Traceable Cochineal Dye
Dactylopius spp. · Canary Islands · Approx. 19â22% Carminic Acid
Cochineal is one of the strongest and most versatile natural dyes, producing colours from soft pinks and rich reds to purples.
Cochineal naturally produces purple. On wool and silk, lowering the dye-bath pH can shift the colour towards red. Cellulose fibres behave differently, so follow the fibre-specific guidance below.
Our cochineal is cultivated and processed in the Canary Islands and is fully traceable to its producer. I am delighted to offer this carefully produced alternative to conventionally sourced cochineal.
At a glance
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Origin: Canary Islands, Spain
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Production: Cultivated and processed in the Canary Islands
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Traceability: Fully traceable to the producer
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Dye source: Dried cochineal insects
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Species: Dactylopius spp.
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Form: Whole dried cochineal
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Carminic acid: Approximately 19â22%
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Colours: Natural purples, with reds produced at low pH, as well as pinks and related shades
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Fibres: Wool, silk, cotton and linen
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Mordant: can be dyed without, but better lightfastness if used
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Colourfastness: Generally very good when correctly mordanted, dyed and finished
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Animal origin: This is an insect-derived dye and is not vegan
How much to use
For a medium to strong shade on wool, begin with:
6-12g cochineal per 100 g dry fibre
Equivalent to 6-12% WOF - weight of dry fibre.
Cochineal is highly concentrated. Smaller quantities can produce pale shades, while deeper colours may require more dye or a stronger initial bath.
Although cochineal is an expensive dye, it continues to release colour over several baths. Depending on the strength and colour of the initial bath, an exhaust bath can often be used up to six times to create successively paler shades.
We also dry the cochineal after extraction so that it can be used again for paler colours.
Sample first when working towards a particular shade.
Basic guide for wool
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Prepare: Scour and mordant the wool with approximately 10% alum WOF, or follow your preferred wool mordanting method.
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Soak: Cover the cochineal with water and leave overnight. This helps soften the insects and prepare them for extraction.
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Blend: Blend the soaked cochineal using a dedicated stick blender to release as much colour as possible. The cochineal can also be used whole, but the resulting colour will generally be less strong.
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Extract: Add the blended cochineal to the dye bath and heat gently. Skim off any dark foam or residue that rises to the surface.
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Adjust the pH: Cochinealâs natural colour is purple. To produce reds, lower the pH carefully using a suitable acid. Test the bath as you work, as pH changes can significantly affect the final colour.
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Strain: Strain the liquid through a fine cloth and keep the extracted cochineal in a dye bag. It can be used for further exhaust baths or dried for later use.
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Dye: Add the thoroughly wetted wool and heat gently for approximately one hour.
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Finish: Allow to cool, then rinse and wash gently.
Important for cotton, linen and other cellulose fibres
On cellulose fibres, cochineal produces purple when used with a tannin, alum and soda ash mordant.
Do not use the low-pH red method described for wool and silk. Acidifying the dye bath can discharge the aluminium mordant from cellulose. Where tannin has been used, the remaining tannates can retain the cochineal and produce a beautiful pink.
Follow the dedicated cotton and linen recipe for the correct preparation and dyeing method. Follow a cellulose-specific mordanting method when dyeing cotton, linen or hemp.Â
Find some suitable methods for cellulose fibres here.
| Tip |
Details |
| For natural purples |
Use cochineal without acidifying the bath. Its natural colour is purple. |
| For reds |
Lower the pH carefully with a suitable acid. Test regularly, as the shade can change quickly. |
| For pinks |
Use a smaller percentage of cochineal or work with a later exhaust bath, don't forget to use an acid. |
| Blend for stronger colour |
Soak overnight, then blend the cochineal to release more colour. Whole cochineal can be used, but the colour will generally be less strong. |
| Reuse the exhausts |
Depending on the initial bath, an exhaust can often be used up to six times for progressively paler shades. |
| Dry the extracted cochineal |
After extraction, dry the cochineal and use it again for paler colours. |
| Keep notes |
Record your fibre, mordant, pH, dye quantity, temperature and processing time. |
Colourfastness
Cochineal is known for producing strong colour with generally very good lightfastness and wash fastness when suitable mordanting, dyeing and finishing methods are used. it is also known as an acid dye and can therefore be used without a mordant on protein fibres. However, the colourfastness is not nearly as good as with a mordant.
Performance still depends on the fibre, mordant, depth of shade, pH and aftercare. No natural dye produces identical results in every studio or on every fibre, so sampling is recommended.
An insect-derived dye
Cochineal is produced from small scale insects that live on prickly pear cacti. Their bodies naturally contain carminic acid, the colourant responsible for cochinealâs characteristic purple and red shades.
Approximately 80,000â100,000 insects may be required to produce one kilogram of dried cochineal, although the number varies.
This is an animal-derived material and is not suitable for vegan projects.
Storage & safe handling
- Store tightly sealed, cool and dry, away from direct sunlight.
- Avoid creating or breathing dust when grinding.
- Avoid contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
- Cochineal and carminic acid may cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals.
- Wear suitable protective equipment when grinding or handling fine particles.
- Use dedicated dyeing utensils and containersânever food-preparation equipment.
- Follow the safety instructions for all mordants, acids and modifiers used.
- Keep away from food, children and pets.
- For textile dyeing and craft use only - not sold for food, cosmetic or medicinal use.
Packaging
We pack as sustainably as we can while protecting your dye materials. Pouch types may vary according to pack size and the availability of our preferred lower-impact options.
Display jars are not included.
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